| The StarPoet Newsletter Vol. XI, No. XLII (October 17, 2010 C.E.) |
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| Copyright © Lisa Jain Thompson 1948-2010. Back issues are in the Newsletter Section of the StarPoet website. Visit my contact page and get in touch. |
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A hint a summer, a breath of late fall, who knows what tomorrow brings? I build to the finish |
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Water pools at the corner drains, |
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Lisa Jain Thompson c. 2010 C.E. |
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half of my genes come from Palermo, which means half my genes began in the ports of the Mediteranean |
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| mid-century in California |
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The Radiance of Sunflowers |
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The radiance of sunflowers filled the fields |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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Palermo was founded by the Phoenicians, but named by the Ancient Greeks as Panormus meaning (Largest)Port of All(Sea). Palermo became part of the Roman Republic, the Roman Empire and eventually part of the Byzantine Empire, for over a thousand years. From 827 to 1071 it was under Arab rule during the Emirate of Sicily when it first became a capital. Following the Norman reconquest, Palermo became capital of a new kingdom (from 1130 to 1816), the Kingdom of Sicily. Eventually it would be united with the Kingdom of Naples to form the Two Sicilies until the Italian unification of 1860. It was later overrun by Germans and Americans during the Second World War. --- Wikipedia |
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one view of Mount Shasta |
| One More for the Road |
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A cup of coffee, |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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| the point of no return |
| Light, Not Light |
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Holidays, family, |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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Evidence for human settlement in the area now known as Palermo goes back to the Pleistocene Epoch, around 8000 BC. This evidence is present in the form of cave drawings at nearby Addaura crafted by the Sicani who, according to Thucydides, arrived from the Iberian Peninsula (perhaps Catalonia). During 734 BC the Phoenicians, a sea trading peoples from the north of ancient Canaan, built a small settlement on the natural habour of Palermo. Some sources suggest they named the settlement "Ziz." The Greeks, who were the most dominant culture on the island of Sicily due to the powerful city state of Syracuse to the east, instead called the settlement Panormus. Its Greek name means "all-port" and it was named so because of its fine natural harbour. Palermo was then passed on to the Phoenician's descendants and successors, in the form of the Carthaginians. During this period it was a centre of commerce; however a power struggle between the Greeks and the Carthaginians broke out in the form of the Sicilian Wars, causing unrest. It was from Palermo that Hamilcar's fleet (which was defeated at the Battle of Himera) was launched. Palermo eventually became a Greek colony when Pyrrhus of Epirus gained it during the Pyrrhic War period in 276 BC. However, as the Romans flooded into Sicily during the First Punic War, the city came under Roman rule only three decades later. The Romans made sure that, in the words of Roman consul M. Valerian to the Roman Senate; "no Carthaginian remains in Sicily". This period was quite a calm time for Palermo, which was growing into an important Roman trade centre. Also during this period Christianity first began to be practised in Palermo. -- Wikipedia |
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| here, there, most anywhere |
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A Classroom |
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Twenty well scrubbed, eager faces, |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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As the Roman Empire was falling apart, Palermo fell under the control of several Germanic tribes. The first were the Vandals in 440 AD under the rule of their king Geiseric. The Vandals had already invaded other parts of Western Europe establishing themselves as a significant force. However, they soon lost these newly acquired possessions to another East Germanic tribe in the form of the Goths. The Ostrogothic conquest under Theodoric the Great began in 488; although the Goths were Germanic, Theodoric sought to revive Roman culture and government instead. The Gothic War took place between the Ostrogoths and the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire. Sicily was the first part of Italy to be taken under control of General Belisarius who was commissioned by Eastern Emperor Justinian I who solidified his rule in the following years. -- Wikipedia |
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| any night, any city |
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The Logic of the Soundbite |
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I saw something on the t. v. |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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| Siciliana |
| The Daughter of Palermu |
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My nose starts to turn down like Grandpa, |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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After the Byzantines were betrayed by Admiral Euphemius, who fled to Tunisia and begged the Aghlabid leader Ziyadat Allah to help him, there was a Muslim conquest of Sicily, putting in place the Emirate of Sicily. The Arab rulers allowed the natives freedom of religion on the condition that they paid a tax. Although their rule was short in time, it was then that Palermo (Balharm during Arab rule) displaced Syracuse as the prime city of Sicily. It was said to have then begun to compete with Córdoba and Cairo in terms of importance and splendor. The Arabs also introduced many agricultural items which remain a mainstay of Sicilian cuisine. After dynasty related quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in the form of the Normans from the Duchy of Normandy, descendants of the Vikings; the family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles. Palermo was conquered in 831 by Arabs from North Africa and became the capital of the Arabian Emirate of Sicily until 1072 where it was back under Christian rule due largely to the efforts of Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. For more than two hundred years Palermo, was the capital of a flourishing Islamic civilisation in Sicily. By 1050, Palermo had a population of 350,000, making it one of the largest cities in Europe, second only to Islamic Spain's capital Cordoba, which had a population of 450,000. -- Wikipedia |
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| modern history -- a good one |
| Low, Self-Sustaining, Booming Noises |
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I am among a handful of west coast expatriates |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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| the words, like days in the sandbox |
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Alone Now |
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Now, |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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It was under Roger II of Sicily that his holdings of Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted; from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The kingdom was ruled from Palermo as its capital, with the king's court held at Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of the Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe, as wealthy as the fellow Norman state, the Kingdom of England. Although the city's population had dropped to 150,000, it became the largest city in Europe, due to the larger decline in Cordoba's population. Sicily, in 1194, fell under the control of the Holy Roman Empire. Palermo was the preferred city of the Emperor Frederick II. Muslims of Palermo were migrated and expelled during Holy Roman rule. After an interval of Angevin rule (1266-1282), Sicily came under the house of Aragon. By 1330, Palermo's population had declined to 51,000. From 1479, it was ruled by the Kingdom of Spain until 1713 and between 1717-1718. Palermo was also managed by Savoy between 1713-1717 and 1718-1720 and Austria between 1720-1734. -- Wikipedia |
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| on re-reading the author's notes |
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On the Surface of the Globe |
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The world is not a stage, I am no more an actor I have earned my scars and tribulations, |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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where I came in |
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From Where I Come |
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I come from stock that worked for a living, |
| — Lisa Jain Thompson (October 2010) |
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Two Sicilies After the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), Sicily was handed over to the Savoia, but by 1734 it was again a Bourbon possession. Charles III chose Palermo for his coronation as King of Sicily. Charles had new houses built for the increased population, while trade and industry grew as well. However, Palermo was now just another provincial city as the royal court resided in Naples. Charles' son Ferdinand, though disliked by the population, took refuge in Palermo after the French Revolution in 1798. His son Alberto died on the way to Palermo and is buried in the city. From 1820 to 1848 all Sicily was shaken by upheavals, which culminated on January 12, 1848, with a popular insurrection led by Giuseppe La Masa, the first one in Europe that year. A parliament and constitution were proclaimed. The first president was Ruggero Settimo. The Bourbons soon reconquered Palermo (May 1849), which remained under their rule until the appearance of Giuseppe Garibaldi. This famous general entered Palermo with his troops (the "Thousands") on May 27, 1860. After the plebiscite later that year Palermo and the whole of Sicily became part of the new Kingdom of Italy (1861). -- Wikipedia |
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| Copyright © Lisa Jain Thompson 1948-2010. Back issues are in the Newsletter Section of the StarPoet website. Visit my contact page and get in touch. |

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